Is long-term exposure to camphor ball fumes harmful to human health?

Is long-term exposure to camphor ball fumes harmful to human health?
Consumer concerns over synthetic camphor balls are well-founded. Over 80% of camphor balls sold in China contain naphthalene or paradichlorobenzene, both classified as toxic substances with liver and blood toxicity. Chronic exposure through clothing stored in wardrobes can cause symptoms ranging from fatigue, dizziness, and skin rashes to, after five-plus years of use, more severe conditions like liver cancer and leukemia. Natural camphor balls, made from borneol-type camphor, are safer but costlier. The market is thus bifurcated: low-cost synthetic products dominate retail, while health-conscious consumers are shifting toward alternatives like silica gel desiccants or vacuum storage bags. This dynamic pressures synthetic camphor demand in household applications, though industrial uses remain stable.